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Book Review: Conditions of Liberty

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Conditions of Liberty: Civil Society and Its Rivals by Ernest Gellner (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1994); 225 pages; $25. The Western world is unique. It is the only civilization that has successfully combined liberty, order, and prosperity. We who live in it — even with all of its existing impurities of statist interventionism and coercive redistributivism — take it for granted and unconsciously assume it as the natural order of things. But, unfortunately, it is not. Throughout most of history, all around the world, people have had order imposed upon them by force and intimidation and have known little liberty or prosperity. What the West has had is civil society. This is how it is defined by Ernest Gellner, in his recent book Conditions of Liberty: Civil Society is ...

Book Review: Days of Infamy

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Days of Infamy: MacArthur, Roosevelt, Churchill — The Shocking Truth Revealed by John Costello (New York: Pocket Books, 1994); 448 pages; $24. John Costello is a distinguished historian who has uncovered fascinating new evidence on a wide number of topics. Two of his previous works, Mask of Treachery: Spies, Lies, Buggery & Betrayal (1988) and Deadly Illusions (1993), unearthed previously unknown information about Soviet espionage in Britain and the United States. In his recent book, Days of Infamy , Mr. Costello turns his historian's eye to the events leading up to the disaster at Pearl Harbor. An essential key for understanding the disaster on December 7, 1941, he argues, is the change in U.S. Pacific military strategy during that year. Before 1941, the first line of defense had been viewed as the Hawaiian Islands, with the Philippine Islands considered an indefensible military burden. But in the early fall of 1941, the secretary of war, Henry Stimson, convinced Roosevelt that ...

Book Review: Days of Infamy

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Days of Infamy: MacArthur, Roosevelt, Churchill — The Shocking Truth Revealed by John Costello (New York: Pocket Books, 1994); 448 pages; $24. John Costello is a distinguished historian who has uncovered fascinating new evidence on a wide number of topics. Two of his previous works, Mask of Treachery: Spies, Lies, Buggery & Betrayal (1988) and Deadly Illusions (1993), unearthed previously unknown information about Soviet espionage in Britain and the United States. In his recent book, Days of Infamy , Mr. Costello turns his historian's eye to the events leading up to the disaster at Pearl Harbor. An essential key for understanding the disaster on December 7, 1941, he argues, is the change in U.S. Pacific military strategy during that year. Before 1941, the first line of defense had ...

Book Review: The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek, Vol. 9

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The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek, Vol. 9: Contra Keynes and Cambridge, Essays and Correspondence edited by Bruce Caldwell (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995) 269 pages; $37.50. In 1941, American economist Kenneth Boulding reviewed Friedrich A. Hayek's The Pure Theory of Capital. He contrasted Hayek's views with those of John Maynard Keynes, and observed: "Mr. Keynes's economics of ... ...